gmat作文模版使用七大忌有哪些？(gmat官方作文题库) -尊龙凯时网址

  　　gmat作文模版使用第一宗罪：无因果联繫

　　the author commits a fallacy of causal oversimplification小作文模版。 the line of the reasoning is that because a occurred before b, the former event is responsible for the latter。

   (the author uses the positive correlation between a and b to establish causality考研小作文模版。 however, the fact that a coincides with b does not necessarily prove that a caused b。

  ) but this is fallacious reasoning unless other possible causal explanations have been considered and ruled out考研小作文模版。 for example, perhaps c is the cause of these events or perhaps b is caused by d。

　　gmat作文模版使用第二宗罪 insufficient-sample

　　the evidence the author provides is insufficient to support the conclusion drawn from it考研小作文模版。

   one example is logically unsounded to establish a general conclusion (the statistics from only a few recent years are not necessarily a good indicator of future trends), unless it can be shown that a1 is representative of all a考研小作文模版。

   it is possible that考研小作文模版。。。。 in fact, in face of such limited evidence, the conclusion that b is completely unwarranted。

　　gmat作文模版使用第三宗罪: 错误类比 (based on a false analogy )

　　the argument rests on the assumption that a is analogous to b in all respects考研小作文模版。

   this assumption is weak, since although there are points of comparison between a and b, there is much dissimilarity as well考研小作文模版。

   for example, a考研小作文模版。。。, however, b。。。。 thus, it is likely much more difficult for b to do。。。。

　　gmat作文模版使用第四宗罪 all things are equal

　　the author commits the fallacy of “all things are equal”考研小作文模版。

   the fact that happened two years ago is not a sound evidence to draw a conclusion that考研小作文模版。。。。 the author assumes without justification that the background conditions have remained the same at different times or at different locations。

   however, it is not clear in this argument whether the current conditions at aa are the same as they used to be two years ago考研小作文模版。

   thus it is impossible to conclude that考研小作文模版。。。。

　　gmat作文模版使用第五宗罪 either-or choice

　　the author assumes that aa and bb are mutually exclusive alternatives and there is no room for a middle ground考研小作文模版。

   however, the author provides no reason for imposing an either-or choice考研小作文模版。 common sense tells us that adjusting both aa and bb might produce better results。

　　gmat作文模版使用第六宗罪 survey is doubtful

　　the poll cited by the author is too vague to be informative考研小作文模版。 the claim does not indicate who conducted the poll, who responded, or when, where and how the poll was conducted。

   (lacking information about the number of people surveyed and the number of respondents, it is impossible to access the validity of the results考研小作文模版。

   for example, if 200 persons were surveyed but only 2 responded, the conclusion that考研小作文模版。。。would be highly suspect。 because the argument offers no evidence that would rule out this kind of interpretations,) until these questions are answered, the results of the survey are worthless as evidence for the conclusion。

　　gmat作文模版使用第七宗罪 gratuitous assumption

　　the author falsely depends on gratuitous assumption that考研小作文模版。。。。 however, no evidence is stated in the argument to support this assumption。

   in fact, this is not necessarily the case考研小作文模版。 for example, it is more likely that。。。。 therefore, this argument is unwarranted without ruling out such possibility。